Determinants of the long-term degradation rate of photovoltaic modules
By consolidating the literature on the long-term degradation of PV modules published until 2023, we discovered a mean and median degradation rate of 1.1 %/year and 0.94 %/year,
Conclusion We conducted a systematic and quantitative review of the long-term degradation rate of field-aged photovoltaic modules by collecting 610 degradation rates from 80 primary studies and found a mean and median annual degradation rate of 1.1 %/year and 0.94 %/year indicating a distribution skewed towards high degradation rates.
This means that, compared to the omitted base group, which is the moderate climate zone, the annual degradation was, on average, 0.642 %pt. Higher for modules located in desert climates. These results are consistent with expectations, as elevated temperature and humidity are known causes of defects in PV modules .
modes in these older generation G/G modules. Delamination appear ed to originate near edges of a with EVA. Glass breakage likely develop ed at scratches or chips on glass surfaces and edges. of thinner glass sheets that are more susceptible to glass breakage . appearance of various degradation modes . The field ages vary between 1-25 years,
Some recent studies suggested that glass defects were more prominent in newer modules (less than 4 years of age) as compared to 20 year old modules, which may be attributed to the adoption of thinner glass sheets that are more susceptible to glass breakage . Figure 6.
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