5G Base Station Architecture
Uncover the intricate world of 5G Base Station Architecture, from gNode B to NGAP signaling. Dive into flexible network deployment
A 5G Base Station is known as a gNode B (next 'generation' Node B). This is in contrast to a 4G Base Station which is known as an eNode B ('evolved' Node B), and a 3G Base Station which is known as a Node B. Figure 21 illustrates two Standalone (SA) Base Station architectures, known as 'option 2' and 'option 5'.
Base station (or base radio station, BS) is – according to the International Telecommunication Union 's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – a " land station in the land mobile service." A base station is called node B in 3G, eNB in LTE (4G), and gNB in 5G.
In the vast telecommunications network, communication base stations play a frontline role. Positioned closest to end users, they serve as gateways for processing customer requests and managing data flow. In the words of "Interesting Communication Engineering Drawings," these stations act like “business trackers,” always vigilant to:
NSA Base Stations can provide an evolution path from 4G to 5G. Figure 22 illustrates two configurations for Non-Standalone Base Stations using the 4G Core Network. These configurations, known as 'option 3' and 'option 3a', can be deployed before introducing the 5G Core Network.
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